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>"Пегас" весит 16 т и выводит 400 кг на низкую орбиту. 4 т на F-16 - вполне возможно.
Пегас весит 24 тонны. Думаю 100 кг может вывести твердотопливная ракета минимальной массой тонн 7 (из-за масстабного коэфф).
Israeli telecom satellite to be launched by Russian rocket
BAIKONUR, Kazakhstan. Oct 25 (Interfax-Kazakhstan) - It is planned to launch an Israeli telecommunications satellite from Russia's Baikonur space center in Kazakhstan on December 18.
Launch facilities are being prepared, and so are the testing facilities of Russian-French venture Starsem, a spokesman for the Russian Federal Space Center at Baikonur told Interfax.
The Amos 2 is expected to be delivered to Baikonur during the first half of November.
The Amos 2, Israel's second telecommunications satellite, has been manufactured by MBT Israel Aircraft Industries Ltd.
Much more powerful than Amos 1, launched in 1996, it has a service life of 11 to 12 years and weighs 1.35 tonnes.
It will cover a much larger territory than the Amos 2- not only the Middle East and Europe but also the northeastern United States.
Initially it was planned to use an Arian 4 or Arian 5 as the carrier rocket but, after the successful launch of the European spacecraft Mars Express from Baikonur, Starsem opted for the Russian rocket Soyuz-FG with the Fregat upper stage.
Israeli Amos-2 Satellite To|Ride Russian Soyuz to Orbit
A Russian Soyuz rocket equipped with a Fregat upper stage is scheduled to launch Israel’s Amos-2 telecommunications satellite in mid-December from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. It will be the first-ever launch by a Soyuz into geostationary transfer orbit, the drop-off point for most commercial telecommunications spacecraft.
Amos-2, weighing 1,350 kilograms, originally was slated to launch on Europe’s Ariane 5 rocket. But manufacturing delays at prime contractor Israel Aircraft Industries, coupled with a crowded Ariane 5 launch schedule, meant the satellite could not be lofted by that vehicle until mid-2004 at the earliest. Soyuz rockets launched from Baikonur can place 2,000 kilograms of satellite payload into geostationary orbit. Plans call for operating the vehicle from Europe’s equatorial Guiana Space Center starting in 2006. The shift to the equatorial site would permit Soyuz to carry 2,800 kilograms to geostationary orbit, making it a contender for the light end of the commercial communications satellite launch market.
http://www.google.com/search?q=cache:S8x2YHYZ9rsJ:dev.space.com/spacenews/spacenews_briefs.html
Columbia's "7 brave explorers' enshrined on astronaut memorial mirror
By Marcia Dunn
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. 28-10-03 (AP) _ Remembered as seven brave explorers, the Columbia astronauts were honoured Tuesday with the unveiling of their names carved into the national Space Mirror Memorial, just 10 kilometres from where they rocketed into orbit nine months ago.
Covering two panels on the striking monument, which resembles a giant mirror, their names joined those of 17 other astronauts who died doing their jobs.
"They were accomplished scientists, doctors and pilots, united in their common desire to explore space," said John Young, noting their diverse backgrounds and faiths. Young was the first commander of the space shuttle Columbia.
Filling the front row of chairs were the immediate families of Rick Husband, William McCool, David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, Michael Anderson, Laurel Clark and Ilan Ramon.
The Columbia families were joined by the relatives of other astronauts who died on duty, including those killed in the 1967 Apollo spacecraft fire and the 1986 Challenger explosion.
In the audience of more than 300 were NASA employees and dignitaries from Israel and India, the homelands of Ramon and Chawla. Ramon, Israel's first astronaut, was the first non-American to have his name inscribed in the monument. The 13-by-15-metre memorial of mirror-finished granite at the Kennedy Space Center visitors complex was completed in 1991.
The Columbia crew's 16-day scientific research mission ended 16 minutes short of a Kennedy touchdown on Feb. 1. The shuttle shattered in a stream of fiery debris over Texas. The accident has been linked to a chunk of foam insulation that broke off the fuel tank and pierced the left wing on launch day.
"We all know that when you're involved in endeavours, great endeavours, you're involved in great risk, and the crew knew that and they accepted those risks in participating in discovery," Young said. "The men and women of Columbia _ Rick, Willie, Mike, K.C., Dave, Laurel and Ilan _ were driven by a passion for spaceflight and a desire to improve life on Earth by unlocking the mysteries of space."
Calling the astronauts "seven brave explorers" who will "forever be heroes to us," he said they would want everyone to continue to pursue the dream of space travel. "From those launch pads right over there," he said, pointing east, "the future is waiting for us."
Dr. Jon Clark, widower of astronaut Laurel Clark, said, "This memorial, this mirror has many blank spots and they will not go unfilled because the destiny of mankind will come at some cost. So we must all bear that in mind as we proceed ahead."
On the Net:
NASA: www.nasa.gov
Astronauts Memorial Foundation:
http://www.amfcse.org/space_mirror_memorial.htm
Jan. 22, 2004
Ilan Ramon's space diary found
By JUDY SIEGEL-ITZKOVICH
jpost.com
The first anniversary of the Columbia space shuttle tragedy that took the lives of Israeli astronaut Ilan Ramon and six of his colleagues will be marked on Monday at a special session of the Knesset Science and Technology Committee.
The session will be addressed by Science and Technology Minister Eliezer Sandberg, Israel Space Agency chairman Prof. Yuval Ne'eman, space agency director-general Aby Har-Even and representatives of the Ramon family, the science museums and the aeronautics industry.
Yediot Aharonot disclosed on Thursday that some months ago, sections of Ramon's personal diary -- handwritten in Hebrew -- during his last days on the ill-fated space shuttle were recovered in Texas by a Native American tracker. The pieces of paper had somehow survived 1,800-degree heat during the explosion that occurred some 60 kilometers above the earth. Neither the Indian nor the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration could make head or tail out of the unfamiliar Hebrew squiggles. So NASA sent the pages to Rona Ramon, Ilan's widow, who was still in Houston. She immediately identified it as her husband's writing.
The emotional story will be presented in full in a film to be broadcast on Tuesday by Channel Two. The date of the crash was February 1, 2003. In his notes, Ramon expresses his excitement and feeling of good fortune to be aboard the spacecraft and to enjoy views of the Earth and the "thin layer of atmosphere."
Since part of the text was destroyed and the pages were full of holes, Ramon's widow sent the diary to the criminal investigation unit of the Israel Police, which used advanced optical scanners to fill in the lacunae. The film will be presented Monday in a special showing for the family at the Israel Air Force House in Herzliya.
Yediot reported that the Ramon's 16-year-old son Assaf hopes to be accepted for an Air Force pilot's course.