• Zero tolerance mode in effect!

Оружие и оборудование ВВС АОИ

Использование контейнеров Лайтнинг на А-10 ВВС США в Афганистане:

http://www.fresh.co.il/dcforum/Army/11386.html
 
Israel Requests 5,000 JDAM Bombs
June 2, 2004
http://www.waronline.org/forum/sutra129856.html#129856

Israel seeks JDAM weapons order
14-June-2004
http://www.waronline.org/forum/sutra130030.html#130030
Нажмите для раскрытия...
http://www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=worldNews&storyID=6293408

Eyeing Iran Reactors, Israel Seeks U.S. Bunker Bombs
Tue Sep 21, 2004

By Dan Williams

JERUSALEM (Reuters) - The United States plans to sell Israel $319 million worth of air-launched bombs, including 500 "bunker busters" that could be effective against Iran's underground nuclear facilities, Israeli security sources said on Tuesday.

The Pentagon said in June it was considering the sale to Israel of 500 BLU-109 warheads, which can penetrate 15 feet of fortifications, in a package meant to "maintain Israel's qualitative advantage and contribute significantly to U.S. strategic and tactical objectives." U.S. and Israeli officials had no immediate comment.

Israeli security sources said the procurement would go through. "This is not the sort of ordnance needed for the Palestinian front. Bunker busters could serve Israel against Iran, or possibly Syria," an Israeli source said.

Haaretz daily, citing Israeli government sources, said the sale would take place after the U.S. elections in November.

Earlier this month, Haaretz said Israel wanted bunker buster bombs for a possible future strike against Iran's atomic program, which the Jewish state considers a strategic threat.
...
Mounted on satellite-guided bombs, BLU-109s can be fired from F-15 or F-16 jets, U.S.-made aircraft in Israel's arsenal. This year Israel received the first of a fleet of 102 long-range F-16Is from Washington, its main ally. "Israel very likely manufactures its own bunker busters, but they are not as robust as the 2,000-pound (910 kg) BLUs," Robert Hewson, editor of Jane's Air-Launched Weapons, told Reuters.
...
GBU27.jpg

A GBU-27 laser guided 'bunker buster' bomb is seen in this undated file photo.
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С утра об этом в новостях говорили.

Вот ещё на ту же тему:

Америка продаст Израилю "умные бомбы"
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21.09 08:45 | MIGnews.com
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В ходе переговорах между руководством США и Израиля было подписано соглашение о закупке Израилем почти 5.000 "умных бомб" (smart bombs) американского производства. Сумма контракта – 319 миллионов долларов (эти деньги – часть американской военной помощи Израилю). Несколько недель назад Пентагон передал договор о продаже на утверждение в Конгресс США.

Эта сделка может вызвать негативный резонанс в мире, поскольку Армия обороны Израиля несколько раз использовала этот вид вооружений против палестинцев. Так, например, в июле 2002 года одна из таких бомб, сброшенная на Газу, убила 15 палестинцев, причастность которых к деятельности террористических организаций доказана не была.

"Умные бомбы" наводятся на цель и управляются израильскими военными спутниками.

Из 5.000 закупаемых бомб – 500 специальных тяжелых бомб (общим весом :D около 1 тонны), рассчитанных на пробивание 2-метровых бетонных укрытий, 2.500 обычных тяжелых бомб (1 тонна), 1.000 бомб средней тяжести (500 кг) и около 500 бомб весом 250 кг.

********

И ещё (иврит):

http://news.walla.co.il/?w=/9/601065

http://www.fresh.co.il/dcforum/Army/11468.html
 
Для точного наведения через GPS необходимо 3, а лучше 4 спутника.
У нас нет ни одного, который бы участвовал в системе.

Скорее всего имеется ввиду определение целей по фотоснимкам, сделанными нашими спутниками.
 
Для наведения и навигации по GPS нужно минимум 4 спутника.

По - моему, Mignews просто напутал, и вместо "американских" спутников написал "израильских"... Короче, это обычные JDAM.
 
3 спутника дают координаты, 4 - и высоту места.

JDAM - не "bunker booster" насколько я знаю.
GBU-27 на рисунке - да, но она с ласерным наведением.

Так что конкретно имели ввиду - мне не ясно.
 
Ув. Asembler .

Три координаты и так дают Вам высоту места . Четвёртый спутник необходим, так как он даёт ТОЧНОЕ время приёма сигнала. С привязкой к трём спутникам GPS работать не будет.
 
Ув. Asembler .

Три координаты и так дают Вам высоту места . Четвёртый спутник необходим, так как он даёт ТОЧНОЕ время приёма сигнала. С привязкой к трём спутникам GPS работать не будет.
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Верно. Прочитал. :oops:
 
Advanced Unitary Penetrator
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/blu-116.htm
http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/usaf/docs/mast/annex_f/part26.htm

JDW - March 26, 2003
First Use of New Bunker Buster
Andrew Koch Washington Bureau Chief
Additional Reporting Michael Sirak US Staff Reporter

The 2,000lb 'bunker busting' bombs dropped by two US Air Force F-117 Nighthawk stealth strike aircraft to open Operation Iraqi Freedom were the Enhanced GBU-27 guided bomb, used for the first time in combat, US military officials said. The strike was against a compound in southern Baghdad where US intelligence believe top Iraqi leaders where congregating.

The Raytheon-built weapon, also called the Enhanced Paveway III, uses an integrated Global Positioning System/Internal Navigation System for guidance along with the regular GBU-27's laser seeker. The upgraded EGBU's guidance system allows it to operate in all-weather and increases precision, an important factor in strikes in urban areas such as that which hit the Iraqi leadership compound.

Although no formal analysis has been completed, the weapon is believed to have performed well as US officials said the compound was destroyed.
 
JDAM - не "bunker booster" насколько я знаю.
GBU-27 на рисунке - да, но она с ласерным наведением.
Нажмите для раскрытия...
Не верно. Всё зависит от БЧ. Для калибра 2000 фунтов - если это Мк84, по бомба общего назначения (GP - General Purpouse; хотя и она способна пробить слой железобетона немалой толщины), если BLU-109 - то бетонобойная (penetration).

На практике варианта GBU-27 с Мк84 нет, т.к. эта бомба является вариантом GBU-24 для F-177, а его изначально планировалось применять против защищённых целей. А вот бомбы с BLU-109 и GPS-наведением - есть, в т.ч. и вариант JDAM (GBU-31).

GBU-27 and GBU-28 PENETRATION BOMBS

Type

Laser-guided penetration bombs.

Development

During the 1991 Gulf War it was revealed that the F-117A Nighthawk stealth combat aircraft was involved in Laser-Guided Bomb (LGB) attacks against high-value strategic targets and bunker command posts. It was also revealed that two new types of penetrating LGBs had been employed. The first of these was a derivative of the GBU-24 Paveway III and designed for internal carriage by the F-117A. This LGB carries the designation GBU-27/B and uses a BLU-109/B penetrator bomb for its warhead. The main modifications made to the GBU-24 were to have shorter adaptor rings and use the GBU-10's rear wing unit to decrease the bomb's length, and to clip the canards in order to make the weapon fit into the smaller F-117A bomb bay. The other major difference was the use of radar-absorbing materials in order to prevent the bombs from being picked up by enemy radar once the aircraft's bomb doors were opened. As a result of these modifications GBU-27 has a shorter range than the GBU-24, which can also be launched at lower altitudes. However, the loss of range is unimportant because the F-117A can launch the weapon from a higher altitude with the same accuracy.
The second new LGB used in the 1991 Gulf War was the GBU-28/B, which was developed for deep bunker penetration and is reported to have five times the performance of the GBU-27. Although the idea of using artillery gun barrels had been considered for about a year, work on the actual programme is said to have only started a few days before commencement of the air war. The programme involved the coupling of an explosive-filled modified 200 mm artillery barrel to modified GBU-27 guidance and control components and the use of a BLU-109/B penetrating bomb fuze. Development is reported to have been completed in 17 days in order to deliver a limited number of these weapons for use in the Gulf War, but only about four were used. Two were expended in testing and two were dropped by F-111Fs on a bunker complex at the Al Taji Air Base a few miles north of Baghdad. During the war the warheads were known as BLU-109/B Specials, but have since been redesignated BLU-113. After the war further trials were carried out to certify the weapon for use from the F-15 Strike Eagle, and to measure fragmentation patterns. It is believed that GBU-27 and GBU-28 weapons will be cleared for carriage on F-15E Strike Eagle, F-111 Raven, F-117 Nighthawk, B-1B Lancer and B-2 Spirit aircraft.
There are reports that further work is being carried out on rocket-boosted versions of the above weapons, but there are also conflicting reports that say this programme has been suspended. In 1993 the USAF awarded a contract to Texas Instruments (now Raytheon) for the development and test phase of a Product Improvement Plan (PIP). The overall scope of the project was to produce an improved weapon, enhanced penetration and improved producibility. At the same time it was reported that a Hard Target Smart Fuze (HTSF), being developed by the USAF for future bunker attack weapons, would be fitted to the GBU-28/B. In 1995 it was reported that the USAF had completed operational testing of the improved GBU-28/B. The improvements included upgrading and expanding guidance algorithms for the seeker software and a documentation support package. It is also believed that National Forge has produced an improved one-piece BLU-113A/B penetrator warhead. In 1996, the USAF developed a GBU-37/B, which was a BLU-113 penetrator warhead with a GPS guidance kit, and full details can be found in a separate entry. In 1999, it was reported that a small number of GBU-27 and GBU-28 had been upgraded with INS/GPS receivers, and that these were known as EGBU-27 and EGBU-28. If clouds or smoke cover a target, then these weapons can still achieve an accuracy of around 13 to 15 m CEP. In May 2000, it was reported that the EGBU-28 would be integrated onto the B-2 Spirit bomber, using the generic weapon interface system, which is a software adaptor that contains specific weapon launch and ballistic data.

Description

The GBU-27/B and GBU-28/B both use the same basic laser guidance system and control surfaces that are used by the GBU-24 Paveway III system, and a folding stabilising tail unit developed from the GBU-10 series (for further details see separate entry Paveway Laser Guided Bomb Systems).
These LGBs are made up of three major components; a common laser guidance and control section, the main body warhead with suspension lugs, and a common stabilising tail unit. The bolt-on front end laser guidance and control section is a light metal cylindrical tube with a clear plastic dome and has four in-line, moving clipped delta control surfaces that run from the centre to the rear of the unit. The two different body warhead units are described separately below. The bolt-on rear end assembly has four large, flip-out aerofoil surfaces arranged in a cruciform pattern. The GBU-27/B can be fitted with one of three guidance units: WGU-25/B, WGU-25A/B or WGU-39/B (which is also used with GBU-24A/B Paveway 3). GBU-27/B is fitted with the BSG-88/B airfoil group. The GBU-27/B uses a BLU-109/B penetrating bomb with 762 mm spaced suspension lugs as its warhead. The overall length of the LGB is 4.24 m, it has a body diameter of 370 mm and with an explosive charge filling of 240 kg of Tritonal weighs 984 kg. The GBU-28/B main body casing is a one-piece National Forge BLU-113 A/B penetration bomb assembly with 762 mm spaced suspension lugs and a hardened pointed nose. The overall length of the GBU-28/B is 5.84 m, it has a body diameter of 370 mm with an explosive charge of 306 kg of Tritanol and weighs 2,130 kg. The closed tailspan of the three LGBs is 0.72 m, and this extends to 1.68 m once the bomb has cleared the release aircraft. The GBU-28/B is fitted with the WGU-36/B guidance unit and BSG-92/B airfoil group.
Guidance for the standard GBU-27 /-28 weapons is by semi-active laser, the scanning detector assembly and laser energy receiver being mounted in the front of the canister behind the glass dome. After the bomb is released the laser error detector measures the angle between the bomb's velocity vector and the line between the bomb and target. Steering corrections are made by moving the nose-mounted canard control fins to adjust the bomb's trajectory to line up with the target. The tail fins/wings are for stabilisation purposes only. Target illumination for the system may be either by an aircraft-mounted laser marker (not necessarily the parent aircraft) or a ground-based laser transmitter. The EGBU-27/-28 weapons have an additional INS/GPS unit and modified software, so that the bomb can be guided closer to the target before the semi-active laser seeker needs to lock-on, or can guide the bombs to the target with reduced accuracy even if the target is obscured by clouds or smoke.
The only fuzing systems authorised for use with the GBU-27/B and GBU-28/B are the FMU-143/B or the FMU-143(D2)/B. These are fitted to the fuze well at the rear of the bomb and are used in conjunction with an FZU-32/B initiator which is fitted in an arming well on the upper surface of the bomb. When released from the aircraft, the initiator and fuze arming lanyards are pulled. Removal of the initiator arming lanyard allows a spring-loaded air scoop to enter the airstream, to operate an air turbine for driving an AC generator for supplying power to the fuze via a retractile cable. The fuze arming lanyard's removal extracts a safety clip from the fuze safety device assembly and the fuze mechanical timer begins to operate. After approximately 1 second, the timer allows power from the FZU-32B/B to be applied to the fuze which arms after the selected electronic time delay has expired. The fuze then awaits bomb impact for the firing circuit to initiate detonation, which occurs after a 60 ms delay.
Depending on the angle of impact the GBU-27/B is reported to be capable of penetrating between 1.8 and 2.4 m of reinforced concrete. The GBU-28/B is credited with the ability to penetrate 30 m of earth or 6 m of concrete.

Operational status

There are unconfirmed reports that the GBU-27/B entered service with the USAF as early as 1988, but was unheard of until used in the 1991 Gulf War. It is said that about 60 per cent of the limited stockpile was expended during the war. In 1992 it was announced that the USAF had ordered 1,300 GBU-27s. The GBU-28/B entered service with the USAF during the 1991 Gulf War when four (two in test) were dropped from F-111s. It was reported that about 23 of the 30 GBU-28s produced by Lockheed remain in service with the USAF, and that eight were to be used in further flight trials. Following Product Improvement Programme (PIP) trials in 1995, the improved GBU-28/B with the BLU-113 A/B warhead were qualified and released for production. The USAF ordered a further 100 GBU-28/Bs for delivery in 1996. Northrop Grumman has proposed modifications to GBU-28/B and the B-2 Spirit aircraft, including the fitment of GPS as well as adding a mid-body fin assembly to give more lift and increase the range of GBU-28/B. A total of eight GBU-28/B could then be carried by a B-2 aircraft.
In October 1999, Raytheon were contracted to provide a further 173 GBU-28. Three EGBU-27 were flight tested during early 1999, launched from F-117 and F/A-18 aircraft.

GBU-27/B
Length: 4.24 m
Body diameter: 370 mm
Tailspan: 0.72 m (closed); 1.68 m (extended)
Lug spacing: 762 mm
Weight: 984 kg
Filling: 240 kg Tritonal

GBU-28/B
Length: 5.84 m
Body diameter: 370 mm
Tailspan: 0.72 m (closed); 1.68 m (extended)
Lug spacing: n/k
Weight: 2,130 kg
Filling: 306 kg Tritonal

Contractor

Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control.

***********************

BLU-109/B BOMB

Type

Penetration bomb.

Development

The progressive hardening of the permanent military installations by the former Warsaw Pact led to a USAF requirement for a new generation of weapons for attacking aircraft shelters, command bunkers, munition depots and so on, sited on the surface, underground or else protected in caves and cliffs. Development of the BLU-109/B, nicknamed the `Mole' and also going under the name of Project I-2000 (2,000 lb), was begun in May 1984 by Lockheed Martin (formerly Lockheed Missiles and Space). The design was based on the well-established Mk 84 low-drag general purpose bomb, and as a result the programme progressed so that initial deliveries to the USAF of BLU-109/Bs were made in December 1985. Although designed as a free-fall bomb, the BLU-109/B is also designed to be used as the core of a guided bomb or else as a guided dispenser payload. Air-to-surface missile or bomb programmes that are using BLU-109/B are: GBU-10 Paveway II; GBU-15 Glide Bomb; GBU-24 Paveway III; GBU-27/A LGB; GBU-31 Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM); and AGM-130C air-to-surface missile. The bomb is fitted with standard NATO 762 mm spaced suspension lugs and is cleared for carriage on A-7, B-52, F-4, F-15E, F-16, F-111 and Tornado GR.Mk 1/GR.Mk 4 aircraft, and there are reports that the BLU-109/B may be the main armament of the F-117A aircraft.
The BLU-109/B fuzing system is reported to have been used in the development of the GBU-28 penetration bomb (covered in a separate entry) which was also used during the 1991 Gulf War.
A 52-month concept-definition, design and flight test programme for a Boosted Penetrator, based on the BLU-109/B with an additional boost motor, was started in 1992 for delivery from the F-117 and B-2 Spirit aircraft. However, this programme was suspended three months after it started because of funding difficulties. The current state of this programme is unclear.
In 1999, the French company Société des Ateliers Mécaniques de Pont-sur-Sambre (SAMP) released information on a 1,000 kg penetration bomb, based on the US BLU-109/B. Working in conjunction with National Forge (USA) and SNPE Explosives & Propellants for production of the weapon for French and export use. The bomb carries the same designation as its US counterpart, and in order to make it a viable export item, the body is designed to be directly interchangeable with the US equivalent. SAMP are producing conventional filled, PBXN-109 filled and thermal-coated versions of their BLU-109/B, and standard models were displayed at 1999 Paris Air Show. Full details of the SAMP BLU-109/B can be found in a separate entry.

Description

The BLU-109/B is a low-drag ballistic bomb similar in size and shape to the US Mk 84 908 kg general purpose bomb. The bomb's casing is of constant diameter and is made in one piece from forged gun-barrel steel with a wall 2.5 cm (1 in) thick, and has a strengthened pointed nose. There are no details of which tail unit is fitted but it is likely to be similar to that used for the Mk 84 bomb. The bomb, which has 762 mm spaced suspension lugs is 2.4 m long, has a body diameter of 370 mm and, with a filling of 240 kg of Tritonal or PBXN-109 high explosive, weighs 874 kg. Originally, the only fuzing systems authorised for use with this bomb were the FMU-143/B or the FMU-143(D2)/B. These are fitted to the fuze well at the rear of the bomb and are used in conjunction with an FZU-32B/B initiator that is fitted in an arming well on the upper surface of the bomb. The fuze and the initiator are connected via a retractile electrical cable through the charging tube conduit which runs between the fuze well and arming well. Other fuzes have been tested with BLU-109/B, including the UK MultiFunction Bomb Fuze (MFBF), the French FEU-80, the Joint Programmable Fuze (JPF), and the Hard Target Smart Fuze (HTSF).
When released from the aircraft, the initiator and fuze arming lanyards are pulled. Removal of the initiator arming lanyard allows a spring-loaded air scoop to enter the airstream, to operate an air turbine for driving an AC generator to supplying power to the fuze via the retractile cable. The fuze arming lanyard removal removes a safety clip from the fuze safety device assembly and the fuze mechanical timer begins to operate. After approximately 1 s, the timer allows power from the FZU-32B/B to be applied to the fuze which arms after the selected electronic time delay has expired. The fuze then awaits bomb impact for the firing circuit to initiate detonation which occurs after a 60 ms delay. The BLU-109/B is launched at speeds between 556 km/h and M1.4. Conventional aircraft approach is in a low-altitude flight profile followed by a steep climb to toss the bomb in a ballistic trajectory. In order to achieve maximum penetration the free-fall bomb is dropped in a steep dive when delivered by the F-117A. Depending on the angle of impact the bomb can penetrate between 1.8 and 2.4 m of reinforced concrete. During tests it also succeeded in penetrating granite and ship's armour. When used as part of Paveway III (GBU-24A/B) the BLU-109/B bomb has a total length of 4.3 m and weighs 1,066 kg. This version is fitted with a WGU-12B/B or -39/B guidance unit, BSU-84/B airfoil group and ADG-769/B adapter group. Full details can be found in the Paveway Laser Guided Bomb entry.
In addition to the operational weapon there are two other versions of the bomb. The BLU-109 (D1)B inert weapon which is used for testing and aircrew training, and the BLU-109 (D2)B used exclusively for loading crew training. The BLU-109/B can also be fitted with laser or optical guidance kits.

Operational status

BLU-109/B entered service with the USAF in 1985 and was used as the warhead for GBU-10G, -10H, -10J, GBU-24A and GBU-27A during the 1991 Gulf War, and during Operation Desert Fox in December 1998. It has been reported that the USAF requirement is for 64,000 BLU-109/Bs. It was announced in 1993 that the German Air Force was to fit BLU-109/Bs to its Tornado aircraft for use in the laser-guided bomb mode, and 400 bombs are reported to have been ordered with deliveries starting in 1995. In 1997, a UK Tornado aircraft was seen with a BLU-109/B warhead as part of a Paveway III GBU-24A/B weapon, but no purchase of the BLU-109/B has been confirmed for the UK and it may just have been a trials installation.
In 1996, the USAF started trials with JDAM, using BLU-109/B. The initial Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD) phase for the GBU-31 was completed in October 1995, and in late 1998 it was reported that production contracts for 3,139 kits had been signed. By January 1999, Boeing had built over 800 EMD and Low-Rate Initial Production (LRIP) JDAMs. There are also unconfirmed reports that JDAM BLU-109/B weapons were used in the NATO air offensive against Serbia in May 1999.

Specifications

Length: 2.4 m (without tail unit)
Body diameter: 370 mm
Tailspan: n/k
Lug spacing: 762 mm
Weight: 874 kg (without tail unit)
Filling: 240 kg Tritonal or PBXN-109

Contractor

Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control, Dallas, Texas.

GBU-29/30/31/32/35 JDAM

Type

Guided bombs.

Development

In the late 1980s a joint US Navy - US Air Force study programme began to look at less expensive ways to deliver conventional type bombs more accurately. The programme became known as the Advanced Bomb Family, and from it came several programmes, which have proceeded into further development. In the early 1990s details of three major programmes were revealed. These were two air-to-surface standoff guided bombs with conventional warheads: the Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM), and the Joint Stand-Off Weapon (JSOW), designated AGM-154. The third programme was the Tri-Service Standoff Attack Missile (TSSAM) AGM/MGM-137, which would have covered the launch spectrum from short- to long-range in adverse weather against a variety of high-value targets, but was cancelled in 1994 and replaced by the Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile (JASSM) AGM-158.
The USAF is the lead service for the JDAM development programme, which is being carried out in three phases. Phase 1 added a new tail section containing an all-weather Inertial Navigation System (INS), augmented with a Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite receiver, to Mk 83, Mk 84, BLU-109/B and BLU-110 bombs in the USAF and USN inventories. Full details of all these GPS-Aided Munitions (GAMs) can be found in separate entries. The GBU-31 JDAM uses the Mk 83 bomb warhead, GBU-32 JDAM uses the Mk 84 bomb or BLU-109/B warhead, and it is believed that GBU-35 uses the BLU-110 warhead. In 1995, it was reported that JDAM would eventually be fitted to the I-1000 (1000 lb) penetration bomb, but it is not known if this is still planned. Phase 2 of the JDAM programme is expected to include the development of GBU-35, which is intended for future aircraft such as the F-22 Raptor, with this weapon being used to size future aircraft bomb bay designs. GBU-29 will introduce a JDAM kit to the 250 lb Mk 81 bomb, and GBU-30 will fit the kit to the 500 lb Mk 82 bomb. GBU-32 may be modified to include the BLU-116/B Advanced Unitary Penetrator (AUP) warhead with a Hard Target Smart Fuze (HTSF). The weight of the GBU-32 with the BLU-116/B will be less than 1,020 kg, so that this version can be carried on the F/A-18 and F-16 aircraft. It is reported that a small rocket motor might be added to this weapon, so that the modified GBU-32 could be carried by the F-117 aircraft. Phase 2 may provide a 500 lb bomb with increased blast and fragmentation capability over the present Mk 82, and may also include the introduction of a new fuze system, which is under development for LGBs, the GBU-15 and the AGM-130 standoff weapons. Phase 3 of the JDAM programme will introduce an all-weather terminal seeker to the bombs that would give them a 3 m accuracy, and reports suggest that the seeker will be either MMW radar, synthetic aperture radar, laser radar or imaging infra-red. It is expected that the 250 lb Small Diameter Bomb could also be fitted with a JDAM kit.
In April 1994, the USAF selected Lockheed Martin and McDonnell Douglas Aerospace (now Boeing) for the competitive first phase of engineering and manufacturing development for GBU-31/32/35. In October 1995, Boeing was awarded a 40-month EMD contract with options for 2,450 kits. The first airdrops of JDAM were carried out in January 1996 from a B-1B Lancer, with B-52 Stratofortress tests following. After a limited number of tests, integration moved to the B-2 Spirit bomber and that testing was completed at the end of 1998.
In April 1998, a Boeing-developed GPS with ECCM to resist jamming, was tested in two flight tests at the White Sands Missile Range using a modified JDAM. The JDAM bomb kits have been cleared for carriage on the F/A-18 Hornet, B-1B Lancer, B-2 Spirit and B-52H Stratofortress. Further clearance is planned for the F-15E Strike Eagle F-16 Fighting Falcon, F-14 Tomcat and F-117.
In 1998, Alliant Techsystems won a contract to supply a new proximity fuze DSU-33B/B for use with JDAM. This is an all-weather, battery-operated, radio frequency proximity sensor that initiates bomb detonation approximately 6 m above the ground. Also in 1998, Boeing tested a new anti-jam that GPS developed in their Phantom Works. The system consists of a Harris anti-jam electronics module, integrated with a closely coupled GPS/INS guidance unit, and an anti-jam GPS antenna, both produced by Boeing. The GPS receiver is provided by Collins and the inertial measurement unit by Honeywell. The antenna system replaces the existing single GPS antenna on the JDAM's tail with a four-element antenna array. This array is best described as half a ball with four flat circular discs symmetrically arranged on its surface.
In April 1999, it was reported that the USAF and US Navy were considering a series of enhancements to JDAM, which had been used in NATO's operation 'Allied Force' in the former Yugoslavia. The modifications considered were the Direct Attack Munitions Affordable Seeker Kit (DAMASK), an imaging IR seeker with autonomous target recognition algorithms and a reported accuracy of 3 m CEP. Range extension kits were also considered, using deployable wings in order to increase the existing range of 16 to 24 km to between 64 and 96 km. Boeing conducted some aircraft trials in 1999, and these are believed to have included the Leigh Aerosystems Condor and the Alenia Marconi Systems Diamond Back. The extended range versions of JDAM have been designated JDAM-ER, and the first flight test was made at Eglin AFB in April 2000, using the Diamond Back range extension kit.
At present the JDAM kit uses five GPS signals whilst in flight, but an improvement was proposed in April 2000 to provide a 12 channel receiver together with anti-jamming software changes. A pin-lock tail actuator system has been developed by Boeing to replace the earlier friction brake system, to provide more accurate small deflections. A demonstration has been made using sensor data from a remote aircraft to locate and designate a target for a JDAM weapon, so that the launch aircraft need not use its own radar during an attack mission.
In July 2001 the Boeing Company and Alenia Marconi Systems signed a teaming agreement on the JDAM programme for Alenia to market the weapon throughout much of Europe and the Middle East. It may also assemble JDAMs and derivative weapons that its customers purchase commercially, rather than through the US Foreign Military Sales (FMS) programme. Boeing will retain marketing and production responsibility for JDAMs ordered by the United States, any ordered through FMS and selected commercial orders. It will also supply guidance and control units for any JDAMs that Alenia assembles. The new relationship gives Alenia access to JDAM technology for the UK's Precision Guided Bomb programme, while Boeing gains access to Alenia weapons technology such as the Diamond Back wing kit. It also commits the two companies to working together on the Small Diameter Bomb, should Boeing win that US programme.

Description

The GBU-29/30/31/32/35 JDAM is a low-cost, GPS-aided, inertial guidance kit that can be attached to unguided Mk 81, Mk 82, Mk 83, Mk 84, BLU-109 and BLU-110 bombs. Full JDAM designations are understood to be GBU-29 (Mk 81), GBU-30 (Mk 82), GBU-31(Mk 83), GBU-32 (Mk 84 or BLU-109/B), and GBU-35 (BLU-110).
In Phase 1 of the programme, a guidance system is incorporated into a bolt-on tail unit that replaces the existing units. During the early stages of development it was reported that stabilising fins might also be added to the nose section of the bomb. However, from the released pictures of the selected MDA version used during test drops and early flight trials, these were not fitted. There was however a strap-on device fitted around the middle of the bomb's main casing. This consisted of four large curved rectangular plates with lightening holes that had four thin strakes along their full length. On the JDAM/BL-109 version the standard saddle hardback adaptor appears to be incorporated in the device. These devices are believed to be boundary layer separators to provide an improved jettison and release envelope and which help to keep the bomb slightly nose-up for increased stability and extended range. The JDAM kits are said to be uniquely designed for each size of bomb, but 95 per cent of the kit is common and each kit has minor structural differences.
The guidance kit contained within the replacement bolt-on tail cone consists of the following key elements: combined inertial measuring unit and GPS receiver; flight-control computer; battery and power distribution unit; tail actuators and four movable clipped delta fins in a cruciform configuration. In keeping with other GPS-guided weapons, the unit is believed to be fitted with two GPS antennas, one on top of the unit for initial flight and one in the tail for good reception during terminal manoeuvring. However a new GPS antenna system with a four-element array is being developed and tested by Boeing and will eventually replace the existing system. The JDAM/Mk 84 bombs that were used during the trials in 1995 were around 4.0 m long, had a body diameter of 450 mm and a tailspan of 0.5 m. The fuze in current use for the Mk 84 and BLU-109/B bombs is the FMU-143, which must be set before the start of the mission. However, the new FMU-152/B Joint Programmable Fuze (JPF) can have the arm and delay times set by the aircrew in flight, with delay times from zero up to 24 hours. The JPF has completed flight tests and is now in production. Mission plans are loaded into the carrier aircraft prior to take-off, and these include release envelope, target co-ordinates and weapon terminal parameters. The weapon begins its initialisation process automatically when power is applied by the aircraft. The weapon performs a built-in test routine, and aligns its INS with the carrier aircraft. Prior to bomb release the guidance unit will be fed with aircraft position, velocity and target co-ordinates through the aircraft-to-bomb interface. After release, the bomb will guide itself to the target by means of control surfaces on the rear fins, which are driven by commands from an onboard computer that is constantly being updated by the GPS. The combination of the INS/GPS is expected to allow the bombs to hit within 10 to 15 m of their targets. If, for any reason, no GPS signals are received, then the JDAM kit will guide the weapon using the INS alone. JDAM kit weapons can be launched from a wide range of altitudes, and off-axis. Wind tunnel tests in 1996 are reported to have cleared JDAM for release at up to M1.3.
The DAMASK accuracy enhancement kit combines a nose-mounted imaging IR sensor with the signal processor installed in the existing JDAM tail kit. The emphasis on low cost led the design team at the US Naval Air Warfare Center to select a window, lens and uncooled imaging Infra-Red (IR) focal-plane-array sensor assembly that Raytheon had developed for cars. The package is enclosed in an injection-moulded polymer housing, and the seeker is fully strapdown, with no moving parts, which further contributes to reducing cost. The operator specifies the desired impact point during JDAM mission planning, by simply clicking on it in an image of the target area. This automatically generates a template that is loaded aboard the aircraft with the baseline mission plan. The pilot can also select an impact point in flight, using a head-down display showing imagery from a synthetic aperture radar or forward-looking IR. Following release within the 'launch acceptability' region, JDAM flies towards the target. During the final stages of the attack, DAMASK images the area, locates a mission-planned aimpoint and updates the target location. An aimpoint estimator uses the information from the signal processor to align the seeker with the weapon's inertial measurement unit to an accuracy of 0.1 mrad, and to estimate the desired impact point to within 3 m. This alignment process, using sensor inputs, obviates the need for complex procedures during assembly of the weapon from its major subassemblies. The updated information is then fed to the JDAM guidance computer.
JDAM's current GPS/INS guidance package has a required CEP of 30 m when using only its INS guidance and 13 m when INS is supplemented by GPS. Experience has shown that the weapon is actually capable of a 14 m CEP with the INS and a CEP of 8 m when using the combined GPS/INS guidance system.
The JDAM-ER proposal mates a standard JDAM body with the Alenia Marconi Systems Diamond Back system. This is a low-cost, footprint expansion wing kit, designed to clip on GPS-guided weapons including JDAM, SDB, and potentially the Wind Corrected Munitions Dispenser (WCMD). Diamond Back adds a joined tandem wing that extends from a compact storage position, through the rearward translation of a carriage assembly to which the rear wings are attached. The new wing assembly is mounted underneath the bomb body, and replaces the four small fuselage strakes that would otherwise be fitted to a regular JDAM. The deployed wings form a diamond-shaped airfoil which adds manoeuverability and glide characteristics to the bomb, and increases the footprint of a free-fall weapon by a factor of 20. When used with a tail controlled weapon such as JDAM, the Diamond Back wings provide additional standoff range and cross track manoeuverability. This not only provides additional survivability for the delivery aircraft, but also allows attacks against multiple, widely separated targets from a single release point. Diamond Back is designed to meet the space requirements for rotary launchers in the B-1 and B-2 as well as for internal carriage on the JSF and F-22 for 500 lb and 1,000 lb JDAMs.

Operational status

The initial engineering and manufacturing development phase for the JDAM GBU-31/32 was completed in October 1995. Low rate initial production started in early 1997, and by January 1999 Boeing had built over 800 JDAM kits. A total of 15,998 JDAM kits were ordered in four lots for the LRIP phase. Initial operational testing has been completed on the B-1 and B-2 aircraft and operational JDAMs have been delivered to the B-2 wing at Whiteman AFB, Missouri and the B-1 wing at Ellsworth AFB, South Dakota.. Beginning in October 1996 the JDAM development team carried out guided launches from B-1, B-2, B-52, F/A-18, and F-16 aircraft. During these tests JDAM was credited with 95 per cent system reliability while achieving a 9.6 m CEP accuracy against a 13 m CEP (including target location error) accuracy requirement. These tests included the release of 16 JDAM from a B-2 on a single pass against multiple targets in two target areas.
JDAM entered the US inventory in 1999 and was first used in May that year during Operation Allied Force - the NATO air offensive against the former Yugoslavia. B-2 bombers operating over Kosovo dropped a total of 652 GBU-32 JDAMs, with aircraft undertaking 30-hour, nonstop, round-trip combat sorties from Whiteman AFB. Each B-2 carried 16 GBU-32s - the first time the B-2 had been used independently in combat. JDAM became a crucial weapon during the Kosovo campaign because of its ability to operate in bad weather. As a result there has been increased foreign interest in the programme. In July 1999 it was reported that the UK had requested details of JDAM for integration with the Tornado. In November 1999, Israel requested the purchase of around 700 JDAM kits, and further orders have been reported from Italy and Denmark (400 kits). In April 2001 the UAE requested 500 JDAMs for use with its Block 60 F-16s.
In March 2001 the US DoD approved full-rate production for the JDAM system, following the Milestone III decision by the Defense Acquisition Board. This clears the way for the production of nearly 90,000 conversion kits by 2008. JDAM deliveries are split roughly 70/30 between the USAF and USN. Under full-rate production plans Boeing will deliver over 1,000 conversion kits per month. JDAM is currently in its LRIP phase, and by mid-2001 (approximately) 7,000 of the 15,998 JDAMs already ordered had been delivered. In April 2001 Boeing received its first full-rate production contract for the supply of 11,054 JDAMs (10,382 for the USAF and 672 for the US Navy), with an option for an additional 1,150 kits (all for the US Navy). Each JDAM modification kit is currently costed at about US$21,000. In May 2001 the Pentagon issued a contract for the supply of 202 JDAM kits in the 2000 lb Mk 84 configuration and 948 kits for the 2,000 lb BLU-109 configuration. On 27 December 2001, the Pentagon issued a firm-fixed-price contract modification to provide for 11,332 JDAMs (Lot 6 guided vehicles). The kits will be used for the conversion of USAF Mk 84 and US Navy Mk 83 bombs.
Development of the second phase of the JDAM family of weapons is underway. The Boeing-funded 500 lb Mk 82 version (GBU-30), which began testing in July1999 and was the first JDAM to be released from a F-15E aircraft. EMD for the GBU-30 was authorised in September 2000, and is planned to complete by December 2002. A Boeing-funded development of GBU-29 began in 2000.
Between March and April 2001, the USAF, Alenia Marconi and Boeing conducted a series of tests with a Diamond Back wing kit fitted to a GBU-32 with a BLU-109/B warhead, and carried on a F-16 aircraft. Five flight tests, took place at Eglin AFB, Florida and White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico USA. Two Boeing modified JDAMs were dropped, along with three similarly-modified Small Diameter Bombs (SDBs). The aim of these tests was to demonstrate safe separation, wing deployment, range and cross track performance, manoeuverability and terminal guidance. It appears that US interest is moving towards the Diamondback-augmented Small Diameter Bomb Range Extension (SSBREX) system, and away from the JDAM-ER proposal, however JDAM-ER is also under consideration in the UK as part of its Precision Guided Bomb (PGB) requirement.
According to Boeing, by early 2001 the US Air Force and Navy had used over 700 JDAMs in combat since its first operational launch in Operation Allied Force. Until late 2001 all operational JDAM tail kits had been fitted exclusively to the 2,000 lb Mk 84 and BLU-109 warheads. Final development testing is still underway on the 500 and 1,000 lb versions, however during combat operations over Afghanistan in November it emerged that a hitherto unannounced version of the JDAM was being used in action by the B-2 force. This 5,000 lb weapon, believed to be designated GBU-37, is a follow-on from the interim GAM-113 GPS-aided bomb that was used by B-2s during Operation Allied Force in 1999. The GBU-37 is a heavyweight penetrator weapon, designed for use against deep buried targets. It can trace its origins back to the GBU-28 Paveway III LGBs that were rushed into production and service during Operation Desert Storm. GBU-32 JDAMs have also been used by B-52Hs for the first time during combat operations in Afghanistan.

Specifications

GBU-30 JDAM with Mk 82 warhead
Length: 2.3 m
Body diameter: 273 mm
Tailspan: n/k
Lug spacing: 356 mm
Weight: n/k
Filling: 89 kg HE

GBU-32 JDAM with Mk 84 warhead
Length: 4.0 m
Body diameter: 450 mm
Tailspan: 0.5 m
Lug spacing: 762 mm
Weight: n/k
Filling: 428 kg HE

GBU-32 JDAM with BLU-109/B warhead
Length: n/k
Body diameter: 370 mm
Tailspan: 0.5 m
Lug spacing: 762 mm
Weight: n/k
Filling: 240 kg HE

(тут ошибка - 2000-фунтовая - это как раз GBU-31, а 1000-фунтовая - GBU-32).

Contractor

Boeing Integrated Defense Systems (Missile Systems and Tactical Weapons), St Louis, Missouri.
 
Разрабатываются усовершенствованные версии УАБ Spice. В частности, идут работы по её оснащению ГСН с ночным видением и увеличением дальности применения:

http://www.iaf.org.il/Templates/Journal/Journal.In.aspx?lang=HE&folderID=1416&subfolderID=1417&docfolderID=1422&lobbyID=50&docID=22871
 
Компонент самолётов "нож" для разбивания остекления самолёта в экстренной ситуации (как молоточки в автобусах для разбивания стёкол):

http://www.fresh.co.il/vBulletin/showthread.php?t=13693

(на втором фото этот нож закреплён слева внутри остекления "Фантома").
 
Taiwan Agrees to Purchase Lockheed Martin's Battle-Proven Hellfire II Missiles

(Source: Lockheed Martin; issued Jan. 4, 2005)

ORLANDO, Fla. --- The U.S. Army has executed a letter of agreement with Taiwan, setting the stage for the sale of more than 400 AGM-114M blast-fragmentation Hellfire rounds under a foreign military sales contract (FMS). The value of the Taiwan order is in the range of $50 million.

The Taiwanese Hellfire purchase comprises the largest part of the U.S. government's Hellfire missile Buy 10 contract award to Lockheed Martin. The new contract equates to approximately six months of activity on the Hellfire production line at Lockheed Martin's manufacturing plant in Troy, AL.

The total U.S. Government contract will include more than 600 AGM-114M blast fragmentation and AGM-114K high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) rounds. It represents the largest single sale of the AGM-114M to date, either domestically or internationally. The Taiwan portion represents approximately 70 percent of the rounds to be delivered; between 5-10 percent are earmarked for Israel under FMS, with the balance going to the U.S. Army. Work on the missiles began earlier this year.
(. . .)
Нажмите для раскрытия...
 
http://www.fresh.co.il/vBulletin/showthread.php?t=21815

"Дефендер" способен нести 4 "ПТУР". При этом из-за малой мощности (двигатель 450 л.с.) любой избыточный вес мог привести к тому, что вертолёт не смог бы "зависнуть", что часто необходимо для боевого вертолёта. Особенно это могло произойти в горной местности и в жаркие дни. Поэтому существовал контроль веса пилотов - двух слишком тяжёлых вместе не ставили. Или приходилось ограничивать вооружение 3 ракетами.
 
Контейнеры Condor 2 (Эль-Оп) и Reccelite (Рафаэль) на Ф-16:

http://www.fresh.co.il/vBulletin/showthread.php?t=21082

Бетонобойные бомбы:

http://www.fresh.co.il/vBulletin/showthread.php?t=22790

Джойстики "Мираж" (слева) и "Кфир" (в центре и справа). Два последних выпущены израильской фирмой "Амкорам".

http://www.fresh.co.il/vBulletin/showthread.php?t=24625

Джойстик "Скайхока":

http://www.fresh.co.il/vBulletin/showthread.php?t=24635
 
Очень интересные фото: авиабомбы, использовавшиеся в ВВС в 1948-49 г.г.

http://www.fresh.co.il/vBulletin/showthread.php?t=25367

http://www.fresh.co.il/vBulletin/showthread.php?t=53941
 
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